1. The influence of PH on silicone oil
The stability of softeners is more sensitive to PH value. In the general dyeing and finishing process, cotton fabrics need to be pre-treated, and alkali or alkaline substances are usually used in the pre-treatment to remove impurities on the fabric. Some fabrics need to be mercerized. The alkali used in these processes enters the fiber and is not easy to be cleaned. The dyed with reactive dyes or vat dyes also use alkali, so the fabric surface may be alkaline during finishing.
After the polyester fiber is dyed with disperse dyes, it must be reduced and cleaned, especially when using sodium hydroxide and caustic soda for reduction cleaning. If the cleaning is not clean, the cloth surface will also be alkaline. Generally, ordinary silicone oil is not alkali-resistant, and it is easy to demulsify under alkaline conditions. It will stick to the roller after a period of time when the machine is turned on during padding and soft processing, resulting in silicone oil spots.

★Solution
1. Before soft processing, the cloth surface must be washed with alkali agent.
2. Add acetic acid to the working fluid to maintain the PH=5～6 of the rolling bath.

2. The influence of the speed factor of the finalized locomotive
When the dye factory setting machine produces ultra-thin fabrics such as chiffon, imitated silk, voile, etc., the speed is very fast, sometimes reaching 60-80 m/min. However, due to the small amount of liquid carried by the thin fabric, the poor permeability of the fabric itself, and the poor hydrophilicity of silicone oil, ordinary silicone oil is not good in shear resistance, and the silicone oil coming from the fabric will flow backwards on the roller. Cause sticky rollers.

★Solution
1. Try to control the speed of the car.
2. Improve the permeability of the fabric.
3. When using, pay attention to changing the working fluid of the rolling groove and clean the roll frequently.
4. Improve the shear resistance of silicone oil.

Three, the problem that the softener is easy to appear in the tank
In order to achieve a certain feel and style and the actual production needs of the factory, some factories often need to do soaking and soft finishing in the tank. However, due to structural factors and residues in the cylinder, some silicone oil and mixtures will stick to the cylinder wall. Over time, some black oily sticky substances will form on the cylinder wall, and these things will stick to the cloth surface. Silicone oil spots will be formed.

★Solution
1. Strengthen the cleaning work.
2. Try to use silicone oil in the cylinder with good stability.
3. The cloth surface should be cleaned before the silicone oil in the tank, without alkali; add some acid appropriately, and adjust the PH value to about 6.

Fourth, the phenomenon of silicone oil condensation
On fabrics containing short fibers, such as cotton, T/R cloth, brushed cloth, velvet, or woolen fabrics, some of the short fibers will fall off during the processing process, and the short fibers that fall off the cloth will be It accumulates in the rolling groove and is sticked by silicone oil to produce viscous polymers. These viscous polymers are easily brought to the roll with the working fluid to form sticky rolls or silicone oil spots.
In addition, if the water quality is poor, ordinary silicone oil will also condense to produce sticky rollers and silicone oil spots.

★Solution
1. Do a good job of cleaning before driving, and find that the cloth is cleaned at any time.
2. Try to wash the cloth wool before applying silicone oil.
3. Choosing silicone oil with good hydrophilicity can alleviate the problem of silicone oil aggregation.

5. The influence of temperature on silicone oil
At present, many silicone oils on the market are not resistant to high temperatures. Especially in summer, the temperature of many factories in the south is very high, and the temperature of the fabric surface is too high. Sometimes the temperature of the rolling groove can reach 60°C, which seriously affects the stability of the silicone oil. Ordinary amino silicone oil has a large change in elasticity due to excessively high temperature, resulting in sticky rollers, oil bleaching, demulsification, etc., resulting in silicone oil spots.

★Solution
1. After the cloth has cooled down, apply silicone oil to the machine.
2. Use normal temperature hydrating material to reduce the temperature of the silicone oil working fluid as much as possible.
3. Use silicone oil with good high temperature resistance and stability.
Generally, the temperature in the rolling groove should not exceed 40°C.

Six, the influence of time on the stability of silicone oil
Due to the poor shear resistance of some silicone oils and the long use of silicone oil emulsions, the phenomenon of sticking to the rollers will occur. Some silicone oils of poor quality will also crust on the rollers and stick to the rollers, resulting in silicone oil spots. Affect driving and quality.

★Solution
After working for a period of time, stop the machine for cleaning and replace the working fluid. The cleaning should be strengthened. Generally, degreasing agent and cleaning agent can be used, and scrub on the roll after matching the proportion.

Seven, the effect of concentration on silicone oil
If the concentration of silicone oil is too high and the viscosity of the working fluid is too high during use, it is easy to produce sticky rollers or skinning, resulting in silicone oil spots; if the high-concentration silicone oil stock solution directly touches the cloth surface, silicone oil spots will occur.
★Solution
Set the process reasonably, try to keep the concentration of the silicone oil working fluid not too high, strengthen the operation management, and do not get the silicone oil stock solution on the cloth surface.

8. The influence of ionicity on the stability of silicone oil
Since the types of silicone oils or softeners are cationic, non-ionic, and anionic. Compared with the softening effects of each variety, the cationic type is generally dominant. Therefore, many silicone oils used in the factory are cationic, and some brighteners or Other auxiliaries are anionic. When these two or more auxiliaries are used in the same bath, they will produce anion and cation charge attraction reaction, causing agglomeration and sticking to the roller.

★Solution
1. The consistency of ionicity must be considered during processing.
2. When softening and whitening are in the same bath, use non-ionic brighteners as much as possible.

Nine, the effect of softener on fabric yellowing
The amino group of amino silicone oil is easily oxidized by air to form a chromophore, which makes the fabric yellow. The cloth surface has a high content of alkali agent and high pH. The cotton fabric is easy to yellow when it is dried at a high temperature; the polluted gas in storage causes yellowing in storage.

★Solution
1. Try to use linear block copolymer modified silicone softener.
2. Strengthen process control, control the drying temperature, and appropriately add some heat-resistant yellowing finishing agents during processing to control high-temperature yellowing.
3. When processing, add anti-phenol yellowing finishing agent to control storage yellowing.

10. The influence of water quality on silicone softener
Some factories use poor water quality and hard water with a high content of calcium and magnesium ions. The use of ordinary silicone oil will react and cause agglomeration or silicone oil spots; the water quality is not good, and the content of impurities such as microorganisms and seaweeds is too high, which is very difficult for softness. The use of the agent also has a certain impact. Some factories use recycled water, which contains some untreated chemical components, which may affect the stable use of softeners.

★Solution
1. For impurities such as microorganisms and seaweeds, the precipitate can be filtered to remove impurities before use.
2. For the water quality is too hard, the water should be softened before use.
3. Try to use silicone oil with good stability.
4. For reused water, test the pH of the water before use, and adjust it to about 6 with acid before use.