1.The MECHANISM of CELLULOSE - thickening is that the hydrophobic backbone is associated with the surrounding water molecules through hydrogen bonds, which increases the fluid volume of the polymer itself, reduces the space for the free movement of particles, and thus improves the system viscosity.

2.Natural POLYMERS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES-STARCH, GELATIN, SODIUM ALGINATE, CASEIN, GUAR GUM, CHITOSAN, gum Arabic, XanTHAN gum, soy protein gum, natural rubber, LANolin, AGAR.

3. The mechanism of alkali swelling and thickening is anionic alkali swelling. Under alkaline conditions, the molecular chain stretches from helical shape to rod shape through the same electrostatic repulsion of carboxylate ions, thus improving the viscosity of the aqueous phase. In addition, it also increases the viscosity of the system by bridging the latex particles and pigments to form a network structure.

4 The thickening mechanism of polyurethane is the introduction of hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups in the molecular structure, so that it presents a certain surfactant properties.

5.Inorganic MATERIAL - EXPANDS after absorbing water to form flocculent material, which has good suspension and DISPERsibility, and combines with appropriate amount of water to form a gelATinous body, which can release charged particles in water and increase the viscosity of the system.

6.metals