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Silicon is the second most abundant element in the earth's crust after oxygen, containing 27.6% in the earth's crust, mainly in the form of silica and silicate. Through various organic chemical reactions, hard silica has become the most widely used auxiliary in textile printing and dyeing industry: organosilicon softener.
1、 Brief history of silicone industry: in 1863, French chemists C. Friedel and J. M. crafts prepared the first silicone compound siet4 with Si-C bond.
In the late 1930s, silicone was made.
In 1940, two methyl silicone oil was prepared.
In 1943, Dow Chemical (Dow) and Corning Glass Company (Corning) jointly established Dow Corning (DC) company, specializing in the production and research of organosilicon. In 2016, Dow Chemical acquired the shares held by Corning company, and Dow Corning, 73 years old, withdrew from the historical stage.
In 1947, General Electric (GE) company established the silicone department. In 2006, Apollo company acquired the silicone Business Department of General Electric of the United States with 3.8 billion US dollars, and officially established MPM. In 2010, Apollo merged metu high tech materials and Hansen company to establish metu high tech materials Holding Co., Ltd. In May 2019, a consortium composed of Korean KCC, wonik QNC and SJL partners L.L.C. formally completed the acquisition of metu group!
In 1947, Dr. Siegfried Nitzsche's report entitled "silicon containing plastics" conquered walker, who immediately decided to hire the young chemist, Dr. Siegfried Nitzsche, later became the father of Walker's silicone. In 1949, Dr Nitzsche and his colleagues successfully developed the first silane synthesis. Soon after, the first silane furnace was built and put into use. In 1955, Wacker produced the first batch of silicon rods. In 2005, Wacker, Germany and China's partner Demi Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. jointly established a company to produce organosilicon.
In 1952, Bayer began to produce organosilicon, which was later jointly invested with GE.
In 1953, Japan Xinyue began to produce organosilicon, and Zhejiang Xinyue Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. was established in 2002.
In 1954, Ronald Planck of France set up a new factory in San Feng, and set up siloxane and silicon derivative factories. (later incorporated into China's Blue Star organosilicon.)
In 1966, Toray began to produce organosilicon, which was later incorporated into Dow Corning.
In 1968, Spark chemical plant was officially established. In 1979, the Ministry of petrochemicals and Jiangxi Provincial Planning Commission approved spark plant to build an annual output of 600 tons of silicone production plant. In 1996, spark silicone joined China Bluestar company.
In 1984, the founder of Bluestar company led seven people to borrow 10000 yuan to establish the first professional cleaning company in China. Since 2006, Bluestar has acquired andissu company of France, organic silicon and sulfide business of Rhodia company of France and kenos company of Australia, entering the international market and transforming to globalization. In 2011, Bluestar acquired Norwegian Elkem company; in 2018, Elkem company integrated the Bluestar silicon industry chain and listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange in Norway, becoming the first Chinese enterprise listed in Norway.
China has become the largest consumer and producer of organosilicon materials.
2、 Brief history of organosilicon softener development:
First generation: dimethylsilicone oil, hydroxyl modified silicone oil
Dimethyl silicone oil
Hydroxyl modified silicone oil
Features: low cost, not washable, easy to demulsify, used to be mainly used in spinning oil.
Second generation: epoxy modified silicone softener, amino modified silicone softener
Epoxy modified organosilicon
Amino modified organosilicon
Features: non hydrophilic, easy to demulsify, epoxy modification focuses on dryness, amino modification focuses on smoothness, amino modified silicone oil has yellowing problems.
Third generation: polyether modified organosilicon softener
Polyether modified organosilicon
Features: good hydrophilicity, not easy to demulsify, but slightly poor hand feel.
Fourth generation: linear block copolymerization modified organosilicon softener
Modified organosilicon oil by linear block copolymerization
Features: good hydrophilicity, soft hand, low yellowing, not easy to break emulsion.
Refer to organic silicon synthesis process and product application
Editor: Liu Huibin
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