Surface tension, the cohesive force among liquid surface molecules, is core to coating wetting and adhesion. Recent industrial research highlights that coating adhesion relies on proper wetting, which requires coating surface tension lower than substrate surface energy to avoid issues like edge shrinkage and incomplete coverage. Pretreatments such as plasma and corona treatment raise substrate surface energy, and wetting agents adjust coating surface tension, improving adhesion by over 30% in plastic and metal coating applications. In industrial practice, synergistic substrate activation, formula optimization and process control ensure balanced surface tension and surface energy. Common pitfalls like excessive reduction of surface tension and poor interlayer compatibility must be avoided to maintain long-term coating stability. This technology is widely used in automotive, electronics and anti-corrosion fields, supporting high-performance coating and advancing the coating industry toward higher efficiency and durability.
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