Improved dispersibility:
The surface of nanoparticles modified with VTES carries organic groups, which can effectively prevent particle agglomeration and improve their dispersibility in organic matrices.
Uniformly dispersed nanoparticles can better play their reinforcing role and improve the performance of composite materials.

Enhanced interface bonding:
The silanol generated after VTES hydrolysis reacts with the hydroxyl (-OH) on the surface of the nanoparticles to form a strong silicon-oxygen-silicon (Si-O-Si) bond.
The vinyl group forms a chemical bond with the organic matrix through free radical polymerization or addition reaction, which enhances the interface bonding between the nanoparticles and the matrix.

Improved stability:
The VTES modification layer can protect the nanoparticles from the influence of the environment (such as humidity and oxygen) and improve their stability.
Under high temperature or chemical corrosion conditions, VTES-modified nanoparticles show better durability.

Functional modification:
The vinyl group of VTES can further react with other functional molecules (such as fluorescent dyes and antibacterial agents) to give nanomaterials more functionality.

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