In coating R&D and production, PVC (Pigment Volume Concentration), a key parameter often underestimated, exerts a pervasive influence on product performance. Latest technical analysis from Zhangdao Technology reveals that adjusting only the PVC value in the same formula can trigger chain reactions in multiple indicators such as hand feel, scrub resistance, and hiding power, making it the ultimate culprit behind numerous performance issues. PVC refers to the ratio of the total volume of pigments and fillers to the total volume of non-volatile substances in the coating film. Its core function is to determine the resin's encapsulation state of pigment particles. CPVC (Critical Pigment Volume Concentration), regarded as the "life-or-death line" of coating structure, is the key to distinguishing performance levels: below CPVC, the resin forms a continuous phase with stable coating performance; once exceeded, pigment particles come into direct contact, increasing porosity and triggering a series of structural qualitative changes. In practical applications, PVC's influence is ubiquitous: gloss control does not solely depend on matting agents. Low PVC results in an overly smooth surface prone to specular reflection, while stable matte finish is only achievable when approaching CPVC. Scrub resistance drops sharply with increasing PVC, as exposed pigments at high PVC are easily worn off by friction. Hiding power peaks within a reasonable PVC range; excessively high PVC enhances light penetration due to increased porosity, leading to dull coatings. Coatings exceeding CPVC accelerate water penetration through capillary channels, prone to blistering, chalking and other durability issues after 3-6 months. Experts warn that adding matting agents or fillers during formula adjustment essentially alters PVC values and film-forming structures. It is crucial to avoid focusing solely on gloss and viscosity while neglecting system balance. Three principles for proper PVC application: recognize it as an applicable range rather than a fixed value, design synergistically with resins, and not rely on additives to compensate for structural imbalances. Scientific regulation of this parameter has become a core driver for coating enterprises to enhance product competitiveness.
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