In recent years, due to the rapid development of UAV and the synergistic effect on pesticides, the market of auxiliaries has developed rapidly in recent years. In the past two years, some people added vegetable oil additives to herbicides before cotton sowing to increase the efficiency of cotton weeding. I don't know what the effect is. I hope to do some experiments.
Auxiliaries are very important in the application of pesticides. It can be said that the success of a pesticide lies in the raw drug and the other half in the auxiliaries.
In the past, adjuvants often only play a role as adjuvants of pesticides, but in recent years, some pesticide manufacturers have put too much publicity on the surface. For example, the plant essential oil (orange peel essential oil), mineral oil, organic silicon, which was very popular in the past
What do they do for such a loud voice? What's the difference between various additives? How can we choose the right assistant products in practical application?
1. Plant essential oil
Plant essential oil is a kind of secondary metabolite with volatile fragrance extracted from plants (leaves, branches, roots, peel, seeds). Most of the plant essential oil has strong antibacterial effect.
In agriculture, the most popular oil is the essential oil extracted from orange peel with good adhesion and permeability.
2. Classification and application of mineral oil
According to the difference of source, physical and chemical properties, mineral oil is divided into agricultural spray oil grade and oil emulsion grade.
(1) Agricultural spray oil
Agricultural spray oil has the characteristics of low toxicity, environmental friendliness and low residue. It can be used as insecticide (mite), bactericide, assistant, etc. in the growth period and dormancy period of crops.
(2) Oil emulsion
As the oil and emulsion may contain substances such as crop pesticide damage and agricultural product residue, it is only used as insecticidal (mite) agent in winter dormancy period.
3. Organosilicon
In agricultural production, agricultural organosilicon assistant is almost a universal existence, widely used in many insecticides, fungicides, herbicides and other types of pesticides, as an assistant to improve the efficacy.
Mineral oil vs organosilicon vs orange peel essential oil
1. Different functions and mechanisms
Purpose:
Mineral oil and orange peel essential oil can be used as insecticides and fungicides in high concentration, and as auxiliaries in low concentration. Organosilicon is mainly used as pesticide additives, not as insecticides and fungicides alone.
(1) As a pesticide
Mineral oil, as a pesticide, mainly through physical asphyxiation, block the stomata of insects, destroy the cell wall of bacteria, interfere with respiration, so as to achieve a certain effect of disease prevention and insect control.
The essential oil of orange peel mainly dissolves the wax layer on the surface of the pest and the phospholipid layer of the spore of the pathogen through limonene to achieve the effect of disease prevention and insect control.
(2) As pesticide assistant
Mineral oil is used as a pesticide oil adjuvant. It mainly reduces the surface tension and contact angle of pesticide spray droplets on the leaf surface of plants, so that the products can get better wetting, spreading and adhesion, improve their permeability and rainwater scouring ability, and thus improve their efficacy.
Orange peel essential oil mainly uses the strong permeability and expansibility of limonene to make conventional pesticides quickly penetrate and absorb, and improve the control effect.
Organosilicon has good wettability and permeability, which can make the liquid medicine spread rapidly on the leaves, increase the contact area of liquid medicine with crops and insects, and improve the effect of insect control and weeding. In addition, it can also promote the penetration of the internal absorption agent through the pores, improve the rain erosion resistance, and reduce the amount of pesticide use and water consumption per unit area, reduce pesticide pollution, reduce pesticide residues, save time, labor and medicine.
2. Safety comparison
(1) Although mineral oil is a kind of mineral pesticide with low toxicity, broad-spectrum control and environmental friendliness, improper use (such as under high temperature) is very easy to lead to the occurrence of pesticide damage. At the same time, the use of mineral oil in the later stage of fruit growth will also bring the problem of fruit surface pollution.
In addition, the mixed use of mineral oil and pesticides prone to drug damage will aggravate the production of drug damage. For example, azoxystrobin has strong permeability. If mineral oil is added, the risk of drug damage will be greater.
(2) Organosilicon has a strong destructive effect on the wax layer of plant leaves, which will lead to the decomposition of cuticle of leaf epidermis cells, reduce the water holding capacity of plants, and easily lead to the damage of plant cells.
And in the high temperature environment, or when the wax of the leaves is thin, adding organosilicon is easy to lead to the production of drug damage.
In comparison, orange peel essential oil is extracted from nature and plants, which is environment-friendly, safe and residue free, safe for natural enemies of pests, ladybug, bee, etc., and can be mixed with most pesticides. The highest security.
3. Comparison in use
(1) The essential oil of orange peel is safe for crops. It can be used in flowering, young fruit, expanding fruit and dormancy.
(2) However, mineral oil has many limitations in use. It can't be used in flower bud, young shoot and color changing stage of fruit trees. Especially in citrus, one is easy to cause drug damage, the other is to affect the citrus color.
Orange peel essential oil has obvious advantages over mineral oil in garden cleaning, which can effectively prevent the yellow leaves caused by the use of mineral oil. It is safer than mineral oil in garden cleaning.
(3) In the use of organosilicon, it is mainly used as auxiliary agent. Although many agents will have synergistic effect after adding organosilicon, not all agents can add organosilicon auxiliary agent.
For example, some pesticides have already added some surfactants in the production process, and if these pesticides are used, adding organosilicon and other additives again may cause harm. For example, azoxystrobin, dimethylpentylene, etc., if they are mixed with organosilicon auxiliaries, it will cause harm.
Attention shall be paid to the use of silicone:
(1) The dosage must be used in strict accordance with the instructions. Do not increase the concentration at will, which is very easy to cause drug damage.
(2) Avoid high temperature application.
(3) When organosilicon is diluted according to the corresponding multiple and mixed with the agent, the mixing steps are generally as follows:
First, injecting half a bucket of water into the sprayer, then pour the silicone into the sprayer, shake the sprayer, make the silicone mix evenly, pour the medicament into the sprayer, and fill the sprayer with water.
4. Price cost comparison
The safety of orange peel essential oil is higher, but the price is more expensive and the cost is higher. The cost of organosilicon and mineral oil is lower and the price is cheaper.
In practical application, we can choose the right products according to the characteristics of different products!
Source good agricultural materials network