Since the invention of phenolic plastic in 1907, humanity has entered the era of synthetic materials. Over more than a century of iteration, chemical materials have profoundly transformed the world. Phenolic plastic, with its insulation and corrosion resistance, replaced natural materials. After World War II, synthetic fibers such as nylon and polyester broke the monopoly of natural fibers, while styrene-butadiene rubber supported the expansion of the global automotive industry.
    Starting from the 1960s, engineering plastics moved towards high performance. Materials like polycarbonate and aramid drove technological breakthroughs in electronics, aerospace and other fields. In the late 20th century, composite materials achieved "1+1>2" innovation, with carbon fiber reducing the weight of the Boeing 787 fuselage by 20%. The discovery of graphene in 2004, with its extraordinary properties, opened a new chapter in advanced materials, now applied in batteries, display screens and more.
    Today, greenization and intelligence have become development trends, with degradable plastics, shape memory alloys and other materials emerging. In the future, material genome engineering and AI-assisted design will spawn more customized materials, continuously boosting technological progress and sustainable development.

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