In February 2026, a practical research on core technologies in the field of biochemical crystallization was released, which deeply analyzed the correlation between supersaturation and crystal particle size, providing key references for the optimization of crystallization processes in chemical, pharmaceutical and other industries. The research pointed out that supersaturation is the only driving force for crystallization, and the crystallization process can only start when the actual concentration of the solution is higher than the equilibrium saturation concentration. It can be accurately calculated by three formulas: relative supersaturation, absolute supersaturation and supersaturation ratio. Meanwhile, three detection methods including offline, online and indirect methods can realize all-round concentration monitoring, among which online methods such as ATR-FTIR and online refractometer have become the first choice for industrial crystallization. Crystal particle size directly determines the fluidity, solubility and purity of products, with D50 median particle size as the core reference index. Four major detection methods such as laser particle size analyzer and microscope can realize accurate characterization of particle size. The research clarified the decisive relationship between supersaturation and particle size: high supersaturation is prone to explosive nucleation, generating a large number of small crystals; under low supersaturation, crystals grow slowly, forming larger crystals with more uniform distribution. In industrial production, customized particle size can be achieved by regulating supersaturation. Low supersaturation combined with slow feeding and temperature control can prepare large crystals, while high supersaturation and rapid nucleation are suitable for the production of small crystals. Stable control of supersaturation has become the core means to improve the quality of crystallized products.

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